Articles Posted in Litigation

IMG_1055-e1477861245822-768x1024When land is expropriated by the government, there are many questions concerning how much money the government will owe you. Courts consider factors such as the appraised value of the property, relocation costs, inconvenience, and other possible damages. See La. Const. art. I, §4(B)(5). The best lawyers are familiar with the different approaches the court could use to determine the amount of damages and are prepared to get the best results for their client. A recent case from the Louisiana First Circuit Court of Appeal highlights several different approaches than can be taken by a court in deciding land expropriation damages.

In 2008, the City of Baton Rouge and the Parish of East Baton Rouge expropriated a portion of land on which Baton Rouge Rentals & Sales was located. In this property taking, the city took 0.101 acre of land (4,380.9 square feet) and the business was forced to close their doors and vacate the building. Fifty-one percent of the property was owned by two sisters, Charlene McDonald Nelson and Kathleen McDonald, and forty-nine percent was owned by an employee of Baton Rouge Rentals & Sales, Connie Hyde. The original owner, Charles Hyde, transferred the forty-nine percent to Hyde shortly before he died. Hyde paid rent to the sisters and continued to operate the business until 2008.

The government contended that the total expropriation value of the property was $143,205, a value determined by a court-approved appraiser, Sharon Pruitt. There are three ways to determine the expropriation value of the property before the taking: cost approach, sales approach, and income approach. The cost approach values the taken property based off similar properties. The income approach determines the value by future potential income from the property. And the sales approach, the approach accepted by the trial and appellate courts, is the estimated cost of replacement after the improvements plus the value of the land. The sales approach generated a “before expropriation value” of $329,000 for the property, the income approach was $322,000, and the cost approach was $335,000. In Ms. Pruitt’s expert opinion, the sales approach was the best value determination for this property.

surgeon-3-1562055-1024x768Doctors – we literally put our lives, and the lives of our loved ones, in their hands. It is the most frightening feeling to know that your loved one is in surgery, the possibility of death or complications is always imminent, no matter how small or standard of a surgery. This feeling of fright often turns to anger and pain once someone has lost a loved one. Especially, where we believe the death is due to the negligence of the very doctor we put in control of the fate of our lives.

In this case out of LaSalle Parish, Edith Blackshear died a week after having a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube replacement surgery performed by Dr. Eulogio Tan at Hardtner Medical Center. A PEG tube is commonly known as a feeding tube. Rodney Blackshear, the son of Ms. Blackshear, brought a medical malpractice lawsuit on behalf of his deceased mother and himself. A jury trial was conducted on the matter and the jury found that Dr. Tan had breached the standard of care while treating Ms. Blackshear, but that he did not cause harm to her. Mr. Blackshear appealed the verdict, but the Louisiana Third Circuit Court of Appeal affirmed the lower court’s decision.

Ms. Blackshear was eighty-four years old and a nursing home resident. When she had pulled out her PEG tube, she was treated by Dr. Tan, an emergency medical physician at Hardtner. Dr. Tan conducted a physical exam of Ms. Blackshear, where she had normal vital signs, was not in any distress, had a soft and tender abdomen, and had a normal heart rate and respirations. Dr. Tan did not confirm how long the PEG tube had been in place, or when Ms. Blackshear had pulled it out. Dr. Tan merely replaced the PEG tube, he set forth that he had used a clinical method to ensure the placement was proper, but this was not documented in medical records.

law-offices-1477311-1-1024x743When something goes wrong in a legal case, how long does a party have to make their claim? Louisiana has statutes concerning the time frame in which a party has to bring a claim against an attorney for malpractice and the courts will uphold the time limitation depending on the facts of the case.

In 2007, Ms. Coté, was living with her daughter in Shreveport. The circumstances leading to the original litigation were started when, Leon Bell, who was employed by City’s water department, was sent to a neighborhood to tell the certain residents about the water being shut off. He ended his shift and then hours later entered Ms. Coté’s residence and held her by force. Luckily Ms. Cote’s daughter escaped and alerted the police. Mr. Bell was arrested and charged with aggravated battery and second degree kidnapping; he pled guilty to certain charges and was given a sentence of many years in jail.

Ms. Cotè’s filed a lawsuit against the City of Shreveport (the City) the following year.  In that lawsuit she alleged great mental suffering due to the unlawful intrusion. Ms. Cotè alleged that city’s employee had actually been let into her home on a few instances prior because he requested the same as part of his job. On one visit she had would not let him in and notified the City at that time of the incident. The City could not locate any documents detailing Ms. Cote’s grievances. Ms. Cotè argued that the City should be held vicariously liable because the harm she incurred was a result of their employee performing his job duties. The City in return argued that the the criminal activities did not occur as part of their employees’ job duties, therefore they should not be held in concert with him for his negligent actions. Ms. Cotè’s attorneys advised her that the City’s motion on the vicarious liability issue was on solid ground, and she would have a tough time proving her case in court. Ms. Cotè was very hands on with her case, and when her attorneys provided her with an affidavit they intended to present in response to the City’s she indicated discouragement with their handling of her case.

alaskan-pipeline-4-1357691-1-1024x681
Some cases have a countdown clock attached to them. The question is, when does that clock start? Is it when the damage happens? Is it when the other party is certainly aware of the damage? The courts must consider the facts in each case to be sure that the prescriptive period, or time frame, has not passed.

A case arising out of the State of Louisiana Second Circuit Court of Appeal considers whether the defendants should be permitted to exercise the exception of prescription to bar the plaintiff’s claim against him. The trial court denied the exception, and this appeal followed.

The plaintiffs, Glen and Delia Blevins, owned a piece of property in Webster Parish, which was neighbored to the west by the defendants’—Patrick and Annette Matthews—land. A saltwater pipeline ran through the defendants’ property near the border it shared with the plaintiffs’ property. On June 10, 2011, Mr. Matthews was operating a bulldozer on his property when he damaged the pipeline, which later led to a saltwater spill. The defendants were not aware of the spill right away, partly because Mr. Blevins was recovering from knee surgery at the time. The pipeline was repaired, and the damage to the defendants’ property remediated immediately after.

IMG_0097-1024x768Anyone who has been to a Mardi Gras parade in New Orleans knows that the festivities are often marked by high-speed projectiles aimed at the crowds. Indeed, the chance to catch coveted “throws” is the very thing that draws many parade goers. The risk of being hit by beads or other throws is so well-known and accepted that there is even a state “Mardi Gras immunity statute” which grants immunity to Mardi Gras krewes who throw the beloved treasures at parades. La. R.S. 9:2796 grants immunity to krewes which sponsor parades for any loss or damaged caused by a krewe member, unless such loss or damage was caused by deliberate acts or gross negligence. Though the parades are a cornerstone of New Orleanian culture, we get to enjoy them only at our own risk, with the knowledge that we could be injured by the very beads and throws that draw us to attend. Recently, a long-time Endymion Ball attendee learned this lesson the hard way.

On the Saturday before Mardi Gras 2012, Rose Ann Citron was hit in the head by a bag of beads while the Krewe of Endymion was making its way through the Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana on its way to the “Extravaganza;” an invitation-only continuation of celebrations held after the parade. Ms. Citron was not an Extravaganza novice. Her husband, Wayne Cintron was a long-time Endymion Krewe member and Mrs. Citron had attended the majority of Extravaganzas over the past thirty years. Nonetheless, the Citrons filed a lawsuit against the Endymion Krewe seeking damages for injuries allegedly sustained in the bead-throwing.

The Edymion Krewe answered, asserting that it benefitted from Louisiana’s Mardi Gras immunity statute. After discovery (the process of gathering evidence for the case), the Edymion Krewe filed a motion for summary judgment based on the immunity statute. It argued that regardless of what acts occurred that night, no reasonable mind could characterize those acts as gross negligence so as to defeat its immunity.

blood-cyntogenetics-laboratory-request-forms-1194996-1024x768In filing any petition for damages before a court, timing is critical. And similarly critical is the clear articulation of one’s legal and factual complaints. Failure to timely and clearly raise a particular legal issue risks dismissal by the court. Defendants in litigation can and will use defensive pleadings known as “exceptions,” which seek to have a court dismiss a complaint or petition before the court considers it on the merits. The exception of prescription asserts that the plaintiff brought the claim after the period of time allowed by statute. The exception of prematurity asserts that a particular claim is not sufficiently mature or “ripe” for the court to hear it. A plaintiff in a recent case of the Louisiana Third Circuit Court of Appeal nearly risked the dismissal of his claims under these two exceptions.

Louis J. Arton, Sr., suffered from a heart condition that needed treatment. He scheduled the necessary surgery with Dr. Victor Tedesco, at Lafayette General Medical Center in Lafayette, Louisiana. Louis was taking Warfarin, a blood thinner. It is standard for a patient on a blood thinner to receive an infusion of fresh frozen plasma (“FFP”) to ensure that his or her blood isn’t too thin during an operation. Louis knew this, because he’d been given FFP in preparation for a kidney surgery a few years prior, with near-death results.

To prepare for the heart surgery at Lafayette General, the nurse asked Louis about his allergies, as is standard. Louis stated that he told the nurse about his allergic reaction to plasma infusions.  Nonetheless, Louis was given four bags of FFP in preparation for this surgery. Again, he nearly died. His lungs filled with liquid and he went into respiratory arrest.

glass-2-1543598-1-1024x683Often in a discussion of tort law, the determination of whether an environment is reasonably safe is left up to the trier of fact in a particular case.  Often, the trier of fact is a jury who listens to the evidence of the case and returns a verdict about the cause of the plaintiff’s injuries. But how much discretion does a trier of fact actually have to determine the standard of reasonableness and whether or not the defendant breached this standard? A case from the Louisiana Third Circuit Court of Appeal discusses the standards by which an appellate tribunal must review a jury’s finding when the factual basis for the jury’s finding is called into question.

On March 16, 2006, Chermaine Dibartolo, a cosmetology student, was cleaning the “glass room”; a roughly eight foot, nine inch by ten foot, seven-inch space at Stage One-The Hair School in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Ms. Dibartolo tripped over her own bag and was injured.  At trial, the Ms. Dibartolo asserted that Stage One owed her a duty of care against such injuries and that the Stage One breached this duty. Ms. Dibartolo argued that it was typical for multiple students to be working in the small space of the glass room with their belongings on the floor, thereby creating a dangerous environment that led to her injury. Unfortunately for Ms. Dibartolo, the jury disagreed and returned a verdict in favor of Stage One.

Ms. Dibartolo moved for a judgment notwithstanding the verdict (a motion seeking the trial judge to reverse the jury’s findings and reverse or amend the verdict) or a new trial. Her motion was denied. She then appealed on three grounds, arguing that: (1) the jury erroneously found no defect in the glass room itself; (2) the jury erroneously concluded that Stage One did not know that there was an unreasonable risk of harm; and (3) the jury erroneously concluded that the defect she alleged existed in the glass room did not cause her to fall.

supreme-court-new-york-1206406-1024x681What happens in Baton Rouge if your Lawyer does not file your lawsuit appeal on time?  You could lose that appeal.  The following case demonstrates that Louisiana Courts follow strict procedural rules when it comes to filing for request for new trial. The best lawyers in Baton Rouge know these rules, so choose your lawyer wisely.

According to the Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure article 1974, parties to a suit have seven days, exclusive of legal holidays, to apply for a new trial. The time starts to run the day after the clerk mails the judgment or the sheriff has serves the judgment. On October 10, 2012, a judgment was signed against defendant Clarence T. Nalls in the 19th Judicial District Court of East Baton Rough, Louisiana. Notice of the judgment was mailed to both Mr. Nalls and his attorney two days later, on October 12, 2012. Mr. Nalls then proceeded to file a motion for a new trial on November 15, 2012, which was subsequently denied because of its untimely nature.

On September 19, 2013, Mr. Nalls filed an order for suspensive appeal from the judgment denying his motion for a new trial. The Louisiana First Circuit Court of Appeal issued a rule on June 5, 2015, ordering the parties to show cause as to whether the appeal should be dismissed as untimely. Mr. Nalls filed yet another untimely response to the rule to show cause, claiming that his motion for a new trial was timely and had therefore, suspended the appeal delays.

contract-1426885-1024x768A case arising out of the State of Louisiana First Circuit Court of Appeal considers whether defendants should have been permitted to raise certain peremptory contractual exceptions in the trial court: namely, objections of prescription, peremption, no cause of action, no right of action, and a dilatory exception of vagueness. See LA. C.C.P. Art. 927.  Unfortunately for the Plaintiffs, the trial court sustained all of defendant’s exceptions, and dismissed their case.

The case involved two plaintiffs Ryan and Vicki Williams—who entered a contractual agreement with Genuine Parts Company to reopen and operate a previously closed NAPA Auto Parts store in Ponchatoula, Louisiana. The Plaintiffs invested approximately $60,000 to start up the store, and obtained a six-year loan guaranteed by the Genuine Parts Company for the remainder of the costs. Plaintiffs were later offered the chance to operate another NAPA Auto Parts store in Hammond, Louisiana, but when plaintiffs declined that opportunity, Genuine Parts Company contracted with Jeffrey Boone to operate that Hammond store instead. After that, plaintiffs were told their financing would not be renewed, because of their NAPA store’s declining performance. When plaintiff’s loan matured, Genuine Parts Company acquired it, and liquidated plaintiff’s store inventory. Plaintiffs then filed a lawsuit for damages, because of the alleged unfair and deceptive practices by Genuine Parts company and Jeffrey Boone. In its response, Genuine Parts Company filed the peremptory exceptions mentioned above. Mr. Boone also adopted the same exceptions in his response. The trial court granted all exceptions and dismissed plaintiff’s case, so plaintiffs appealed.

Defining the Exceptions

wall-bank-1482317-1024x768Summary judgments are procedural devices used when no genuine issue of material fact exist that should be litigated in a full trial. The burden of proving that there is no issue as to material facts is on the party who is seeking the summary judgment. Once the moving party establishes that no genuine issue of material fact exists, the burden then shifts to the opposing party to present evidence that indicates that there is in fact a dispute as to material facts.  A recent lawsuit arising from Ascension Parish Louisiana discusses the standards used by courts to evaluate summary judgment motions.

In 2006, First American Bank and Trust (“the Bank”) issued a loan to Commerce Centre, LLC, (“Commerce Centre”), with an interest rate of 7.75%. The loan was secured by the guarantees of ten individuals and companies. Soon after the original 2006 loan, the Bank and Commerce Centre negotiated a subsequent 2007 loan, which included a lower interest rate, and was secured by only six of the ten original guarantors.

The 2007 loan ultimately defaulted, and the Bank filed a lawsuit seeking repayment. The lower court granted the Bank’s motion for summary judgment. The remaining six individuals and companies that were secured guarantors on the loan, appealed the summary judgment asserting that material issues of fact as to the Bank engaging in fraud existed. The main contention of the opposing parties was that the Bank did not disclose that some of the original individuals and companies that were guarantors on the 2006 loan, were no longer guarantors on the 2007 loan.

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