The Supreme Court of Louisiana has considered just this issue in several recent cases; the latest was Allen v. Lockwood, decided in 2015. In that case, the Wesley Chapel United Methodist Church which is located in a rural area of St. Helen’s Parish, off Louisiana Highway 448, was sued by a pedestrian who was hit by an elderly church member driving in reverse at a high rate of speed through the church parking area, an unmarked grassy clearing in the woods. In her deposition, the pedestrian said “not really” when asked if she could think of anything the church did wrong that caused the accident. The plaintiff also failed to refute evidence from a church member’s affidavit that parking areas in this condition are common in rural Louisiana and that there had never been any accidents in the church lot before.
Most personal injury cases are tried under a negligence theory. To prove that the defendant was negligent, the plaintiff must show that the defendant had a legal duty toward him or her and caused the accident or injury by failing to fulfill that duty. When a court grants summary judgement in a case, the case does not go to the jury. Instead, the judge decides the case on the basis of the law because he or she has determined that there are no disputed issues of fact for the jury to consider. In its recent personal injury cases involving summary judgement, the Supreme Court of Louisiana has decided that the question of whether the defendant had a legal duty toward the plaintiff is a question of law that the judge decides. If the judge decides there was a legal duty, the case goes to the jury, who decides, based on the evidence, whether the defendant fulfilled the duty. If the judge decides that there was no legal duty toward the plaintiff because the dangerous condition that caused the accident was “open and obvious,” the defendant can be granted summary judgement, which is an “automatic win.”
The church filed for summary judgement, which the district court denied on the grounds that neither the pedestrian nor the church had shown whether the church had a legal duty to maintain the parking area in better condition. The church then appealed to the Louisiana Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, which affirmed the district court, holding that the question of whether the condition of the parking area was unreasonably dangerous was a question of fact that must be decided by the jury. Finally, the church appealed to the Supreme Court of Louisiana. The Supreme Court granted summary judgement for the church, reasoning that because the pedestrian had presented no evidence that the church had a legal duty to keep the parking area in better condition, the jury could not be asked whether evidence showed that the church had failed to fulfill that duty.
The Plaintiff in this case did have an opportunity after being served with the summary judgment to come forward with evidence by affidavit, deposition, discovery response, or other forms given in La. Code. Civ. P. arts. 966 and 967 that would show she was able to meet her burden at trial. However, unfortunately for this plaintiff she failed to produce any evidence to rebut the defendants motion and or to demonstrate how the alleged defects caused the accident. Therefore her claims against the Church and it’s insurer were dismissed.
Additional Sources:
Additional Berniard Law Firm Article on Summary Judgments: Louisiana First Circuit Highlights Burdens of Proof in Bringing or Opposing a Motion for Summary Judgment In Ascension Parish Lawsuit